The Arctic is undergoing significant transformation due to geopolitical tensions, environmental shifts, and emerging risks, all of which are reshaping emergency management efforts in the region. The Russia-Ukraine conflict, marked by escalating nuclear threats from Russia, has heightened global concerns over the potential use of nuclear weapons, complicating an already fragile security situation. Russia’s militarisation in the Arctic, including the deployment of nuclear assets and the development of floating nuclear reactors, poses extraordinary risks to the region. The long-standing history of nuclear activities in the Arctic, coupled with Russia’s modernization of intercontinental ballistic missile systems like the RS-28 Sarmat, further intensifies the threat of nuclear escalation. The Northern Sea Route (NSR), newly accessible due to ice melt, has become a strategic focal point, consolidating Russia’s Arctic ambitions and prompting increased military activity from NATO and Arctic States.